See soleyn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sullen"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "sullen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "soleyn"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman soleyn",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "solain"
},
"expansion": "Old French solain",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman soleyn, solayn (continental Old French solain); compare sole (“sole, single”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "solain",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "solayn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "solayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soleynge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soleyne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soulayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "souleyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sulayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "solein",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
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"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "soleyn",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "soleyn",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
59,
65
]
],
"ref": "1380, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Parliament of Fowles, lines 606–607:",
"text": "I recche not how longe that ye stryve; / Lat ech of hem be soleyn al hir lyve,",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
76,
83
]
],
"ref": "1390, John Gower, Confessio Amantis, lines 133–136:",
"text": "That ofte, whanne I scholde pleie, / It makth me drawe out of the weie / In soulein place be miselve, / As doth a labourer to delve,",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
32
]
],
"ref": "c. 1405, Couldrette, The Romans of Partenay, lines 5431–5432:",
"text": "Where ye shall finde this solain auenture, / Full strang vnto sight of ech creature",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alone, solitary (of one person; in solitude)"
],
"id": "en-soleyn-enm-adj-MYV731nO",
"links": [
[
"alone",
"alone"
],
[
"solitary",
"solitary"
],
[
"one",
"one#English"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"solitude",
"solitude#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 20 20 24 0 7 15 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 20 18 22 1 7 21 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"exceptional, singular, unusual"
],
"id": "en-soleyn-enm-adj-rd3mdcXU",
"links": [
[
"exceptional",
"exceptional"
],
[
"singular",
"singular"
],
[
"unusual",
"unusual"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 20 20 24 0 7 15 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 20 18 22 1 7 21 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 6 15 18 0 3 11 3 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French terms suffixed with -eyn",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 17 19 0 1 20 1 19 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 17 19 0 1 21 1 19 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 25 28 0 3 32 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sullen, brooding, morose"
],
"id": "en-soleyn-enm-adj-1GRhyaAT",
"links": [
[
"sullen",
"sullen"
],
[
"brooding",
"brooding"
],
[
"morose",
"morose"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 20 20 24 0 7 15 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 20 18 22 1 7 21 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 9 12 1 6 10 2 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 6 15 18 0 3 11 3 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French terms suffixed with -eyn",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 17 19 0 1 20 1 19 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 17 19 0 1 21 1 19 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 25 28 0 3 32 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"restrained, respectable"
],
"id": "en-soleyn-enm-adj-GP7gWSPb",
"links": [
[
"restrain",
"restrain"
],
[
"respectable",
"respectable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) restrained, respectable"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"lonely, desolate"
],
"id": "en-soleyn-enm-adj-Egpew8rw",
"links": [
[
"lonely",
"lonely"
],
[
"desolate",
"desolate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) lonely, desolate"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/suˈlæi̯n/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsulɛn/",
"tags": [
"reduced"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsulin/"
}
],
"word": "soleyn"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sullen"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "sullen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "soleyn"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman soleyn",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "solain"
},
"expansion": "Old French solain",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman soleyn, solayn (continental Old French solain); compare sole (“sole, single”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*soleyns",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "solain",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "solayn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "solayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soleynge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soleyne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soulayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "souleyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sulayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "solein",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
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"expansion": "soleyn",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*soleyns"
},
"expansion": "soleyn (plural *soleyns)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A single or singular person"
],
"id": "en-soleyn-enm-noun-oppw69Eb",
"links": [
[
"single",
"single"
],
[
"singular",
"singular"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 20 20 24 0 7 15 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 20 18 22 1 7 21 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 6 15 18 0 3 11 3 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French terms suffixed with -eyn",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 17 19 0 1 20 1 19 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 17 19 0 1 21 1 19 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 25 28 0 3 32 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 23 26 0 2 43 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Meals",
"orig": "enm:Meals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A meal that serves a single person."
],
"id": "en-soleyn-enm-noun-qT0J8Uh4",
"links": [
[
"meal",
"meal"
],
[
"serve",
"serve"
],
[
"single",
"single"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The sullen; sullen people."
],
"id": "en-soleyn-enm-noun-SzJbYWAI",
"links": [
[
"sullen",
"sullen"
],
[
"people",
"people"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/suˈlæi̯n/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsulɛn/",
"tags": [
"reduced"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsulin/"
}
],
"word": "soleyn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Late Middle English",
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"Old French adjectives",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French terms suffixed with -eyn",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Meals"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
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"borrowed"
],
"word": "sullen"
}
],
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}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "soleyn"
},
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"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "solain"
},
"expansion": "Old French solain",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman soleyn, solayn (continental Old French solain); compare sole (“sole, single”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "solain",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "solayn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "solayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soleynge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soleyne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soulayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "souleyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sulayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "solein",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
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"6": "{{{2}}}",
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"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "soleyn",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "soleyn",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
59,
65
]
],
"ref": "1380, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Parliament of Fowles, lines 606–607:",
"text": "I recche not how longe that ye stryve; / Lat ech of hem be soleyn al hir lyve,",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
76,
83
]
],
"ref": "1390, John Gower, Confessio Amantis, lines 133–136:",
"text": "That ofte, whanne I scholde pleie, / It makth me drawe out of the weie / In soulein place be miselve, / As doth a labourer to delve,",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
32
]
],
"ref": "c. 1405, Couldrette, The Romans of Partenay, lines 5431–5432:",
"text": "Where ye shall finde this solain auenture, / Full strang vnto sight of ech creature",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alone, solitary (of one person; in solitude)"
],
"links": [
[
"alone",
"alone"
],
[
"solitary",
"solitary"
],
[
"one",
"one#English"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"solitude",
"solitude#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"exceptional, singular, unusual"
],
"links": [
[
"exceptional",
"exceptional"
],
[
"singular",
"singular"
],
[
"unusual",
"unusual"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sullen, brooding, morose"
],
"links": [
[
"sullen",
"sullen"
],
[
"brooding",
"brooding"
],
[
"morose",
"morose"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"restrained, respectable"
],
"links": [
[
"restrain",
"restrain"
],
[
"respectable",
"respectable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) restrained, respectable"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"lonely, desolate"
],
"links": [
[
"lonely",
"lonely"
],
[
"desolate",
"desolate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) lonely, desolate"
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/suˈlæi̯n/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsulɛn/",
"tags": [
"reduced"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsulin/"
}
],
"word": "soleyn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Late Middle English",
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
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"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"Old French adjectives",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French terms suffixed with -eyn",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Meals"
],
"descendants": [
{
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{
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"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sullen"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"word": "sullen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "soleyn"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman soleyn",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "solain"
},
"expansion": "Old French solain",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman soleyn, solayn (continental Old French solain); compare sole (“sole, single”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "*soleyns",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "solain",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "solayn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "solayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soleynge",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soleyne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "soulayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "souleyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sulayne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "solein",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
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},
"expansion": "soleyn",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*soleyns"
},
"expansion": "soleyn (plural *soleyns)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A single or singular person"
],
"links": [
[
"single",
"single"
],
[
"singular",
"singular"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A meal that serves a single person."
],
"links": [
[
"meal",
"meal"
],
[
"serve",
"serve"
],
[
"single",
"single"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The sullen; sullen people."
],
"links": [
[
"sullen",
"sullen"
],
[
"people",
"people"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/suˈlæi̯n/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsulɛn/",
"tags": [
"reduced"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsulin/"
}
],
"word": "soleyn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for soleyn meaning in Middle English (6.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ('plural',): '*soleyns' in 'soleyn (plural *soleyns) (rare, chiefly Late Middle English)'",
"path": [
"soleyn"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "soleyn",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.